(a) Ahmad Shah                                    

(b) Mahmud Begarha

(c) Bahadur Shah                                  

(d) Muhammad Shah

Answer: c

Explanation:

Expansion of Portuguese in India – Surat, Bassein, and Diu carried on flourishing trade with the Red Sea, these ports were under the control of Bahadur Shah, who carved out a kingdom for himself in Gujarat. Portuguese tried thrice to capture Diu in 1519, 1521,1531 but failed.

Sultan Bahadur of Gujarat, proud of his success in the Deccan and Malwa, brought on himself the wrath of Emperor Humayun.

In 1535 Humanyun attacked the Bahadur Shah of Gujrat, a defense alliance was concluded by the Bahadur Shah, and the Portuguese who in reward were allowed to build a fortress at Diu.

Hence, option c is correct.

Read: Previous Year UPSC History Questions (PYQs) With Explanation 2023