Consider the following heavy industries:
1. Fertilizer plants
2. Oil refineries
3. Steel plants
Green hydrogen is expected to play a significant role in decarbonizing how many of the above industries?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
18. Ans: c
Explanation:
Green hydrogen for decarbonizing steel making
The steel industry contributes 7% of total CO2 emissions worldwide. Hydrogen can be injected into blast furnaces, where steel is made, thus substituting coke oven gas for a clean fuel (green hydrogen). This technology has certain limitations such as the cooling effect of the hydrogen inside the blast furnace and is still being developed.
Green hydrogen for decarbonizing the chemical industry
The chemical industry, with 10% of global energy consumption and 7% of greenhouse gas effect emissions, encompasses many sectors in the modern economy. It represents all activities focused on obtaining and transforming materials and composites by applying chemical processes to them.
Although the industry still largely depends on oil, hydrogen is now increasingly used in the manufacture of chemical and intermediate products. Real sustainable transformation will arrive when this hydrogen is completely green.
Green hydrogen for decarbonizing refineries Refineries are used to convert crude oil into products that are useful to people. Responsible for 4% of world CO2 emissions, this sector produces the likes of petrol, diesel, asphalt, kerosene, liquid gas, oils and other fuels.
One of the main uses of green hydrogen in this sector is as a substitute for fuels and hydrogen of fossil origin in various processes currently performed in refineries and petrochemical plants.
Another promising application in this sector is the development of sustainable fuels for heavy transportation, as in the aviation and maritime transport sectors.Hence all statements are correct.
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