1. Rise of Pratiharas under King Bhoja

2 Establishment of Pallava power under Mahendravarman-I

3. Establishment of Chola power by Parantaka-I

4. Pala dynasty was founded by Gopala

What is the correct chronological order of the above events, starting from the earliest time?

(a) 2-1-4-3

(b) 3-1-4-2

(c) 2-4-1-3

(d) 3-4-1-2

Answer: c

Explanation:

Mahendravarman I (590–630)

Mahendravarman I (590–630), renowned as a great patron of the arts, and apparently a poet and musician in his own right. His reign saw the beginning of a conflict between the Pallavas and Western Chalukyas. 

Gopala

Gopala(750-770), founder of the Pala dynasty, was elected by the people, rescuing them from matsya-nyaya (chaos).

Bhoja

The best known Gurjara-Pratihara king was Bhoja, grandson of Nagabhata II. He ascended the throne in or before 836 CE, and had a long reign of over 46 years. His earliest inscription—the Barah copper plate of this date was issued from the skandhavara (royal camp of victory) at Mahodaya. Mahodaya may have been another name for Kanauj.

Parantaka I

Parantaka I (907–953), won several victories with the help of his allies such as the Western Gangas, the Kodumbalur chiefs, and the ruler of Kerala. He succeeded in conquering Madurai, after which he took the title of Madurantaka (destroyer of Madura) and Maduraikonda (capturer ofMadurai).

Hence, option c is correct.

Read: Previous Year UPSC History Questions (PYQs) With Explanation 2020