Nuclear-powered Ballistic Missile Submarine (SSBN) (Prelims- Defence & Security)

Why in News?

India’s fourth nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine (SSBN) S4, was launched into water at the Ship Building Centre in Visakhapatnam.

Nuclear-powered Ballistic Missile Submarine (SSBN)

• A ballistic missile submarine is a submarine which is capable of deploying submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs) with nuclear warheads.
•  Nuclear-powered Ballistic Missile Submarine is a component of a nation’s strategic nuclear deterrence.
• The SSBNs have unlimited range and endurance, limited only by food supplies, crew fatigue, and maintenance needs. 
• India’s first leased nuclear attack submarine, INS Chakra, was designated as S1, leading to the naming of subsequent submarines: INS Arihant as S2, INS Arighaat as S3, and INS Aridhaman as S4.

India’s nuclear submarine series:

S1: INS Chakra: India’s first nuclear attack submarine was commissioned 2012.

S2: INS Arihant: INS Arihant(S2) was commissioned in 2016. 

S3: INS Arighaat: The second Arihant-Class submarine ‘INS Arighaat’ was commissioned into the Indian Navy in 2024 at Visakhapatnam.

‘Arighaat’ will further strengthen India’s nuclear triad, enhance nuclear deterrence, help in establishing strategic balance & peace in the region, and play a decisive role in the security of the country.

S4: INS Aridhaman 

India currently has two SSBNs operational. INS Arihant commissioned in 2016 and INS Arighaat (S3) commissioned in August, 2024. The third SSBN Aridhman (S4) is currently undergoing sea trials and is expected to be commissioned into service in 2025.

Fourth Nuclear-powered Ballistic Missile Submarine S4

• Features nearly 75% indigenous content. 
• Armed exclusively with K-4 nuclear ballistic missiles.
• Range: a range of 3,500 km and can be launched through vertical systems.

Launching India’s fourth SSBN, S4, at Visakhapatnam boosts its nuclear deterrence.