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  • Q. Subsequent to which one of the following events, Gandhiji, who consistently opposed untouchability and appealed for its eradication from all spheres, decided to include the upliftment of ‘Harijans’ in his political and social programme? [Modern India]

Q. Subsequent to which one of the following events, Gandhiji, who consistently opposed untouchability and appealed for its eradication from all spheres, decided to include the upliftment of ‘Harijans’ in his political and social programme? [Modern India]

(a) The Poona Pact 

(b) The Gandhi-Irwin Agreement (Delhi Pact) 

(c) Arrest of Congress leadership at the time of the Quit India Movement. 

(d) Promulgation of the Government of India Act, 1935

Ans-a

Explanation 

Poona Pact

  • Against communal award, Gandhi began a fast unto death on untouchable separate electorate issue on September 20, 1932.
  • Gandhi’s concern for untouchables was rooted in his deep humanitarianism. We do not want, as he said, on our register and on our census, untouchables classified as a separate class…. Would untouchables remain untouchables in perpetuity?
  • The result was the Pune Pact of September 25th, by which the award was modified.
  •  The pact reserved a total of 148 seats for untouchables in the provincial legislatures, but provided that election to these seats was to be through joint electorates.
  •  After Poona Pact, Harijan upliftment became Gandhiji’s main concern. Harijan, God’s people was the name given by Gandhiji to untouchables.
  •  He started All India Untouchability League in September 1932 and Weekly Harijan in January 1933. January 8, 1933 was observed as a temple entry day.
  •  In Harijan work, Gandhi’s emphasis was on conversion and not compulsion.
  • Gandhiji vigorously toured the country, appealing to the upper caste to change their attitude. Despite the reluctance of the Congress leaders, Gandhi’s tour was unsuccessful.

Read: Previous Year UPSC History Questions (PYQs) With Explanation 2025

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